{"id":10574,"date":"2015-04-29T10:03:33","date_gmt":"2015-04-29T08:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/langhe.net\/?p=10574"},"modified":"2021-05-24T11:55:23","modified_gmt":"2021-05-24T09:55:23","slug":"italian-wine-terms-you-need-to-know-in-piemonte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/langhe.net\/en\/10574\/italian-wine-terms-you-need-to-know-in-piemonte\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Wine Terms You Need To Know In Piemonte"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Whether you are a novice or connoisseur, it is always fun to go through <strong>wine glossaries<\/strong> and check your knowledge, especially before visiting.<\/p>\n<p>Although many winemakers speak English very well, some Italian and <strong>Piemontese dialect<\/strong> always seems to slip out.<\/p>\n<h2>In the vineyard<\/h2>\n<p>The <em><strong>uva\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>is picked from the <em><strong>vite<\/strong><\/em> in the <strong><em>vigna<\/em><\/strong> or <em><strong>vigneto<\/strong><\/em> during the <em><strong>vendemmia.<\/strong><\/em> All these V words!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Uva<\/em> \u2013 Grape<\/li>\n<li><em>Vite<\/em> \u2013 Vine<\/li>\n<li><em>Vigna\/Vigneto<\/em> \u2013 Vineyard<\/li>\n<li><em>Vendemmia<\/em> \u2013 Harvest<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"content__image aligncenter wp-image-203174 size-landscape-lg\"><div class=\"ratio\"><div class=\"ratio__content\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-203174 size-landscape-lg\" src=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-17-1400x875.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-17-1400x875.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-17-900x563.jpg 900w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-17-550x344.jpg 550w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<h2>Firm &amp; Municipality<\/h2>\n<p>Perhaps because the \u201chome\u201d is so important to Italians, you can find lots of <strong>different names for wineries<\/strong>, farms, and estates too.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Azienda Agricola<\/strong> &#8211; often precedes the family winery name (ex. Azienda Agricola G.D. Vajra) which means it is a farming business. Just the word <em><strong>azienda<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0means company or firm.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Azienda Vitivinicole<\/em> \u2013 A farming wine business.<\/li>\n<li><em>Ca&#8217;<\/em> \u2013 Short for casa (home) often used for winery names. (ex. <a title=\"C\u00e0 Neuva\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/business\/ca-neuva-eng\/?lang=en\">Ca&#8217; Neuva<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><em>Tenuta<\/em> \u2013 A large estate or holding (ex. Tenuta Carretta)<\/li>\n<li><em>Cascina<\/em> \u2013 Farm house (ex. <a title=\"Cascina Gramolere\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/business\/cascina-gramolere-eng\/?lang=en\">Cascina Gramolere<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><em>Podere<\/em> \u2013 Small estate or farm (ex. Podere Luigi Einaudi)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"content__image aligncenter size-landscape-lg wp-image-203074\"><div class=\"ratio\"><div class=\"ratio__content\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-landscape-lg wp-image-203074\" src=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-16-1400x875.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-16-1400x875.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-16-900x563.jpg 900w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-16-550x344.jpg 550w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<p>These are all located in different <em><strong>COMUNEs<\/strong><\/em> and then more specifically in <em><strong>FRAZIONEs<\/strong><\/em> and furthermore, perhaps even in a small <em><strong>BORGATA<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Comune<\/em> \u2013 Municipality and may include different small villages.<\/li>\n<li><em>Frazione<\/em> \u2013 A small part of a municipality like a hamlet<\/li>\n<li><em>Borgata<\/em> \u2013 An even smaller part or sub-hamlet of a municipality or hamlet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>In the cellar<\/h2>\n<p>You can decide to taste wines in many different locations including the <em><strong>CANTINA<\/strong><\/em>, <em><strong>ENOTECA<\/strong><\/em>, or <em><strong>ENOTECA COMUNALE<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cantina<\/em> \u2013 winery or cellar<\/li>\n<li><em>Enoteca<\/em> \u2013 wine bar or wine shop<\/li>\n<li><em>Enoteca<\/em> <em>Comunale<\/em> \u2013 a wine shop pertaining to one village&#8217;s producers where you can usually taste a sample of a few wines every day.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Would you like a winery tour or just a <em><strong>DEGUSTAZIONE<\/strong><\/em>?\u00a0<em>Degustazione<\/em> \u2013 tasting<\/p>\n<div class=\"content__image aligncenter size-landscape-lg wp-image-203274\"><div class=\"ratio\"><div class=\"ratio__content\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-landscape-lg wp-image-203274\" src=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-18-1400x875.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-18-1400x875.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-18-900x563.jpg 900w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ur-18-550x344.jpg 550w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<h2>Soil &amp; Dialect<\/h2>\n<p>And if you hear these<strong> strange sounding words<\/strong> in conversation when talking about the vineyards during your tasting, now you&#8217;ll know what they mean!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Sori&#8217;<\/em> \u2013 Piemontese dialect for the part of the hillside where the snow melts first, meaning <strong>full southern exposure<\/strong> and therefore the best place for Nebbiolo vines.<\/li>\n<li><em>Bricco \/ Bric<\/em> \u2013 A vineyard&#8217;s <strong>highest point<\/strong> or crag. Thought to be the superior place for vines.<\/li>\n<li><em>Cru<\/em> \u2013 Coming from the French wine term for \u201cgrowth\u201d. In Italy it is a named vineyard area normally known for its <strong>recognized quality<\/strong> although with no official rankings. Often you can find the name on single-vineyard bottlings which exhibit superior characteristics of this cru.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Now that we are getting down to the nitty gritty, what about the <strong>soils<\/strong> of Langhe? Any time you talk to a winemaker here, they will undoubtedly talk about the soils and the <em>terroir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Generally speaking the Langhe area is made up of <em><strong>ARGILLA<\/strong><\/em>, <em><strong>MARNE<\/strong><\/em> and <em><strong>SABBIA<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Argilla<\/em> \u2013 Clay<\/li>\n<li><em>Marne<\/em> \u2013 Marls<\/li>\n<li><em>Sabbia<\/em> \u2013 Sand<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The marls are a mix of clay and calcium carbonate. When we look closer at the soils, one will find more blue-gray marls with calcareous clay called <em><strong>FOSSILI DI SANT&#8217;AGATHA<\/strong><\/em> which can be found in <a title=\"La Morra\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/town\/la-morra-piedmont\/?lang=en\">La Morra<\/a> and <a title=\"Verduno\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/town\/verduno-piedmont\/?lang=en\">Verduno<\/a> giving very perfumed and elegant characteristics to the wine. In the other villages that produce Barolo like <a title=\"Serralunga d\u2019Alba\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/town\/serralunga-dalba-piedmont\/?lang=en\">Serralunga<\/a> and <a title=\"Monforte d\u2019Alba\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/town\/monforte-alba-piedmont\/?lang=en\">Monforte d&#8217;Alba<\/a>, one can find siltier marls with more sandstone which are almost white and yellowish in color, tending to give the wines <strong>more structure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"content__image aligncenter size-full wp-image-10581\"><div class=\"ratio\"><div class=\"ratio__content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-10581\" src=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200.jpg\" alt=\"Fascetta_def-1020x200\" width=\"1020\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200.jpg 1020w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200-250x49.jpg 250w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200-300x59.jpg 300w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200-768x151.jpg 768w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/Fascetta_def-1020x200-450x88.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Technical terms<\/h2>\n<p>Got that?<\/p>\n<p>More technical stuff&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>DOC<\/strong> <\/em>\u2013 (Denominazione di Origine Controllata) The equivalent to the French&#8217;s A.O.C., it is an assurance of quality. Although they are strictly governed, these are still more common to find than\u00a0<em><strong>DOCG<\/strong> <\/em>since these are more strictly controlled by an official tasting commission.<\/p>\n<p>It is not worth mentioning <em><strong>IGT\/IGP<\/strong><\/em> (Indicazione Geografica Tipica\/Protetta ) because Piemonte doesn&#8217;t have any of these more flexible designations!<\/p>\n<p>Once you get into a <em><strong>CANTINA<\/strong><\/em>, you may see all kinds of barrels like more traditional <em><strong>BOTTI<\/strong><\/em> and <em><strong>TINI,<\/strong><\/em> medium sized <em><strong>TONNEAUX<\/strong><\/em> or French <em><strong>BARRIQUES.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Botti<\/em> \u2013 Large Slavonian oak barrels normally ranging from <strong>10 hectoliters to 100<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><em>Tino<\/em> \u2013 Large conical wooden vat used for fermentation.<\/li>\n<li><em>Tonneaux<\/em> \u2013 <strong>500 Liter<\/strong> oak barrel<\/li>\n<li><em>Barrique<\/em> \u2013 <strong>225 liter<\/strong> French oak barrel although you can find some coming from Austria and the USA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"content__image aligncenter size-entry_with_sidebar wp-image-4294\"><div class=\"ratio\"><div class=\"ratio__content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/coppa_spumante.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-entry_with_sidebar wp-image-4294\" src=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/coppa_spumante-870x480.jpg\" alt=\"coppa_spumante\" width=\"870\" height=\"480\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Fizzy wine<\/h2>\n<p>As you make your way to the tasting room, you might even find sparkling wines to start off your tasting of the big reds.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Metodo Classico<\/em> \u2013 <strong>Bottle-fermented<\/strong> sparkling wine made in the Champagne method. Many producers are now making high quality bubbles made from grapes like Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and even <strong>Nebbiolo<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><em>Spumante<\/em> &#8211; a general term in Italian for sparkling wines which are often of a superior category made with a <strong>Bar pressure<\/strong> over 3 Bars at 20\u00b0C.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So what if I see <em><strong>VINO FRIZZANTE<\/strong><\/em>, <em><strong>MOSSO,<\/strong><\/em> or <em><strong>VIVACE?<\/strong><\/em> Is that the same thing?<\/p>\n<p>No. It is mostly a question of legal categories and production methods. After Spumante would come the category of <em>FRIZZANTE <\/em>(which is sometimes called <em>MOSSO<\/em> although it is not a legal category) and must be made with a pressure <strong>between 1.5 to 3 Bars<\/strong> at 20\u00b0C. <em>VIVACE<\/em> would be made at a pressure under 1.5 Bars at 20\u00b0C. Often you hear every day wines like <a title=\"Freisa\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/vines\/freisa-en\/?lang=en\">Freisa<\/a> and <a title=\"DOC Piemonte Bonarda\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wines\/doc-piemonte-bonarda\/?lang=en\">Bonarda<\/a> described as VIVACE. Literally these terms mean:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Frizzante<\/em> \u2013 fizzy<\/li>\n<li><em>Mosso<\/em> \u2013 wavy<\/li>\n<li><em>Vivace<\/em> \u2013 lively<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Tasting<\/h2>\n<p>If you are really lucky you might be able to taste some <em><strong>RISERVAs<\/strong><\/em>. So what is the difference between a normal <em><strong>ANNATA<\/strong><\/em> wine and a <em><strong>RISERVA<\/strong><\/em>?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Annata<\/em> \u2013 vintage<\/li>\n<li><em>Riserva<\/em> \u2013 obviously means reserve! In Italy this must be aged longer than the minimum requirement. For Barolo this means a minimum of 5 years of total ageing instead of 4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"caption__container content__image aligncenter size-full\"><div class=\"ratio\"><div class=\"ratio__content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10250 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine.jpg\" alt=\"festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine\" width=\"870\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine.jpg 870w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine-250x155.jpg 250w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine-768x477.jpg 768w, https:\/\/langhe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/festa-delle-donne_andarpercantine-450x279.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 870px) 100vw, 870px\" \/><\/a><\/div><\/div><p class=\"caption__text\">photo by Umberto Fistarol<\/p><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>While tasting, Italians love to use these terms to describe Piemontese wines. One wine may be considered more <strong><em>FEMMINILE<\/em> <\/strong>and therefore <strong><em>ELEGANTE<\/em><\/strong> while some <a href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wines\/docg-barolo\/?lang=en\">Barolos<\/a> may be described as structured, austere and <em><strong>MASCHILE.<\/strong><\/em> <a title=\"DOCG Barbaresco\" href=\"https:\/\/langhe.net\/wines\/docg-barbaresco\/?lang=en\">Barbaresco<\/a> and Barolo is often attributed to <strong><em>BALSAMICO<\/em><\/strong> and floral notes like roses. You can also get <strong><em>GOUDRON<\/em><\/strong>, <strong><em>CUOIO <\/em><\/strong>or <strong><em>ETEREO <\/em><\/strong>notes especially in aged wines. Hopefully you won&#8217;t hear \u201c<strong><em>TAPPO<\/em><\/strong>\u201d!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Femminile<\/em> \u2013 Normally wines from the Tortonian soils of La Morra and Verduno are described as being more feminine for their perfumes and refined wines.<\/li>\n<li><em>Elegante<\/em> \u2013 Perhaps polished, quality, pure, clean, NOT in your face wines.<\/li>\n<li><em>Maschile<\/em> \u2013 Traditionally thought of as coming from Helvation soils like those in Serralunga d&#8217;Alba and Monforte d&#8217;Alba, giving more austere, tannic,\u00a0structured wines.<\/li>\n<li><em>Balsamico<\/em> \u2013 This does not mean \u201cvinegary\u201d but more like Vicks menthol, minty types of fragrances.<\/li>\n<li><em>Goudron<\/em> \u2013 Tar aromas unique to Barolo and Barbaresco<\/li>\n<li><em>Cuoio<\/em> \u2013 Leathery aromas usually found in aged wines<\/li>\n<li><em>Etereo<\/em> \u2013 Literally \u201cethereal\u201d. Perfumes coming from ageing which often smell like nail polish, wax, soap<\/li>\n<li><em>Tappo<\/em> \u2013 cork&#8230; meaning a corked wine!<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And finally&#8230;<strong><em>CIN CIN<\/em><\/strong> \u2013 cheers!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><em>Crediti Foto: <a title=\"Vai al Photostrem di Umberto Fistarol\" href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/umbertofistarol\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Umberto Fistarol<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Whether you are a novice or connoisseur, it is always fun to go through wine glossaries and check your knowledge, especially before visiting. Although many winemakers speak English very well, some Italian and Piemontese dialect always seems to slip out. In the vineyard The uva\u00a0is picked from the vite in the vigna or vigneto during [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1269,"featured_media":203364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1567],"tags":[],"lgarea":[],"class_list":["post-10574","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eat-drink"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Italian Wine Terms You Need To Know In Piemonte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Whether you are a novice or connoisseur, it is always fun to go through wine glossaries and check your knowledge, especially before visiting. 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